LT and HT panels are vital components of any electrical infrastructure. They manage voltage levels, ensure safety, and support smooth power distribution in setups ranging from shopping malls to power substations.
What is an LT Panel?
An LT Panel (Low Tension Panel) works at voltages below 1kV, typically at 415V or 230V. It is installed after the transformer and handles the distribution of electricity to different parts of a building or plant.
Key Functions of LT Panels
- Distribute power to lighting, HVAC, and machines
- Protect against overloads and short circuits
- Improve power factor using APFC panels
- Monitor and control energy use
- Work with automation systems
Common Types of LT Panels
- PCC Panel – Used as the main power distribution unit in industrial setups
- MCC Panel – Controls and protects motors
- APFC Panel – Maintains a stable power factor automatically
- Distribution Board – Divides power into different circuits
- AMF Panel – Switches between mains and generator during power failure
Applications of LT Panels
- Manufacturing industries
- Shopping complexes
- Hospitals and hotels
- Educational institutions
- Data centers
What is an HT Panel?
An HT Panel (High Tension Panel) is used where voltage levels range between 3.3kV and 33kV. It is installed before the transformer and controls the high-voltage power supply coming from the utility grid.
Functions of HT Panels
- Manage incoming high-voltage power
- Protect systems from voltage surges and faults
- Control power flow to transformers and main switchboards
- Allow safe switching of high-voltage power
- Enable remote fault monitoring and diagnostics
Common Types of HT Panels
- VCB Panel – Uses vacuum breakers for medium-voltage switching
- SF6 Breaker Panel – Gas-insulated for high-voltage safety
- RMU (Ring Main Unit) – Compact and equipped with built-in protection
- Outdoor HT Panel – Designed for use in substations and outdoor installations
Applications of HT Panels
- Power utilities and substations
- Heavy industries like steel, cement, and mining
- Metro and railway systems
- Renewable power generation plants
LT and HT Panels: Key Differences
| Feature | LT Panel (Low Tension) | HT Panel (High Tension) |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage Range | Up to 1kV (typically 415V) | Above 3.3kV up to 33kV |
| Position in Network | After the transformer (secondary side) | Before the transformer (primary side) |
| Main Use | Distributing power to end loads | Receiving and controlling HV supply |
| Protection Devices | MCCBs, MCBs, relays | VCBs, SF6 breakers, RMUs |
| Cost | Comparatively lower | Higher installation and maintenance cost |
| Operation Safety | Basic electrical safety | Requires trained professionals and PPE |
| Common Applications | Commercial and light industrial loads | Heavy industrial and power generation |
LT and HT Panel Selection Guide
When choosing between LT and HT panels, consider the following:
1. Voltage Requirement
- Choose LT panels for systems operating at 415V or 230V
- Choose HT panels for systems working at 3.3 kV,6.6 kV,11kV, 22kV, or 33kV
2. Power Demand
- LT panels suit buildings, shopping centers, and small factories
- HT panels are best for cement plants, steel units, and substations
3. Compliance and Safety
- HT panels follow strict safety standards and require expert handling
- LT panels are easier to install and comply with general electrical codes
4. Cost and Maintenance
- LT panels are affordable and can be maintained by in-house teams
- HT panels cost more and need professional servicing
Summary: Why LT and HT Panels Matter
Both LT and HT panels are critical for a safe and reliable power system. HT panels manage high-voltage input from the grid and protect the system at the source.
LT panels distribute that power to equipment and devices inside the facility.
Together, LT and HT panels form the core of any electrical distribution network—ensuring safety, performance, and continuity in operations.
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